Design, Synthesis, and Insecticidal Activities of Novel meta-Diamide Compounds Containing Ethyl Acetate and Their Derivatives.

In this study, a series of meta-diamide compounds containing ethyl acetate group and their derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera frugiperda and Alfalfa sprouts were evaluated. Preliminary bioassays showed that some of the title compounds exhibited excellent insecticidal activities. Especially compound ethyl N-(3-((2-bromo-4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-2-fluorophenyl)-N-(4-cyanobenzoyl)glycinate and ethyl N-(3-((2-bromo-4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-2-fluorophenyl)-N-(6-fluoronicotinoyl)glycinate showed 100 % mortality at 0.1 mg/L against Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera frugiperda, same to broflanilide. Their LC50 against Plutella xylostella is 0.286 mg/L and 0.0218 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, compound ethyl N-(3-((2-bromo-4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-2-fluorophenyl)-N-(6-fluoronicotinoyl)glycinate displayed faster control efficacy than broflanilide at 0.1 mg/L. The results indicated that meta-diamide compounds containing ethyl acetate group could be developed as novel and promising insecticides.

Preparation and photocatalytic performance of UIO-66/La-MOF composite.

To improve the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of photocatalytic materials UIO-66 and La-MOFs under visible-light irradiation, a series of photocatalytic materials with La and Zr as metal centers and terephthalic acid (H2BDC) and 2-amino terephthalic acid (H2ATA) as organic ligands were prepared by solvothermal method. The photocatalytic materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Mott-Schottky test. The photocatalytic degradation performance to Rhodamine B of the catalysts was fully investigated. Results show that the H2ATA series had stronger visible-light absorption capacity and better photocatalytic performance. The 0.35 La/Zr-H2ATA composite showed the best photocatalytic degradation. The quenching experiments confirmed that the active species in the photocatalytic degradation were the holes and superoxide radicals. The possible mechanisms of the carrier migration paths in the energy level matching for La/Zr-H2BDC and La/Zr-H2ATA were also discussed in detail.

Novel preparation of stable and highly photocatalytic Z-scheme Cs3PW12O40/Ag3PO4 photocatalysts for the photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in water.

The Cs3PW12O40/Ag3PO4 (CsPW/Ag3PO4) heterojunction photocatalyst in this study was prepared using a simple chemical precipitation method. Spherical CsPW particles were successfully deposited on Ag3PO4 nanocrystals, all the as-prepared samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalyst activity in relation to rhodamine B (RhB) degradation was evaluated under visible light (λ > 420 nm). The CsPW/Ag3PO4 heterojunction photocatalyst can effectively degrade RhB. The Z-scheme 3% CsPW/Ag3PO4 heterojunction photocatalyst has a higher photocatalytic ability compared with the single-component photocatalyst CsPW or Ag3PO4. The comparatively high photocatalytic performance can be attributed to the high matching of the energy band position and close interface contact, suggesting an enhanced separation efficiency of the photoinduced carriers of the CsPW/Ag3PO4 heterojunction photocatalyst. The reactive species trapping experiments demonstrated photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (•O2-) to be the main active components of photocatalytic degradation. A possible photocatalytic mechanism is subsequently proposed.

Understanding the energy level matching relationships between semiconductor photocatalysts and organic pollutants for effective photocatalytic degradations.

In this work, representative semiconductors CdS, V2O5, WO3 and P25 (Degussa TiO2 consisting of 80 wt% anatase and 20 wt% rutile) were chosen as the photocatalysts, and the common phenol along with its derivatives (p-nitrophenol, p-chlorophenol and hydroquinone) were designated as the probe pollutants. The energy levels of the frontier molecular orbitals (EHOMO and ELUMO) of organics, and the valence band (VB) and conduction band (CB) energy levels (EVB and ECB) of photocatalysts were obtained through experiments and calculations. By correlating the photocatalytic activities of photocatalysts for the degradations of the organic pollutants under the irradiation of a 300 W xenon lamp with their above-mentioned energy levels, some new findings can be acquired. To be specific, the more positive EHOMO of an organic pollutant leads to its easier photodegradation by photocatalysts. Meanwhile, the more negative VB position for a photocatalyst results in the higher photocatalytic activities for the degradations of organic pollutants. Therefore, the matching correlation between the EHOMO of an organic pollutant and the EVB of a photocatalyst is of great importance to the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation.

3-tert-Butyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-phthalazin-1-yl 3,5-dimethyl-benzoate.

The title compound, C(21)H(22)N(2)O(3), was synthesized by the reaction of tert-butyl-hydrazine with phthalic anhydride and further O-benzoyl-ation of the resulting inter-mediate by 3,5-dimethyl-benzoyl chloride. Inter-molecular C-H⋯O=C inter-actions link the mol-ecules into layers.

A selective artemisinin-sensor using metalloporphyrin as a recognition element entrapped in the Au-nanoparticles-chitosan modified electrodes.

An amperometric artemisinin (ARN) sensor based on the supramolecular recognition of glycosylated metalloporphyrin, which is included in the Au-nanoparticles-chitosan film coated on the glass carbon electrodes, was developed. For the improvement of the selectivity of artemisinin detection, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[2-(2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-phenyl]porphyrin (T(o-glu)PPH) metal complex [FeT(o-glu)PPCl] was synthesized and employed as a ARN-sensitive and -selective material in the amperometric sensors. The proposed [FeT(o-glu)PPCl]/Au-nanoparticles modified electrodes showed excellent selectivity and sensitivity toward ARN with respect to a number of interferents and exhibited stable current response, which can be attributed to the coordination of ARN with the [FeT(o-glu)PPCl] in the electrodes. The calibration graph obtained with the proposed sensor was linear over the range of 1.8x10(-7)-1.7x10(-9)moll(-1), with a detection limit of 1.7x10(-9)moll(-1) for ARN. Significant advantages of the proposed procedure over the conventional reductive electrochemical methods are the selective detection and the relatively low applied potential requirement of the ARN-sensor. The prepared sensor is applied for the determination of ARN in plant samples and the results agreed with the values obtained by the pharmacopoeia method.

A fluorescence enhancement-based sensor using glycosylated metalloporphyrin as a recognition element for levamisole assay.

A fluorescence sensor based on the supermolecular recognition by glycosylated metalloporphyrin for levamisole (LEV) assay is reported. For the preparation of a LEV-sensitive active material, 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis[2-(2, 3, 4, 6-tetraacetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-phenyl] porphyrin and its metal complexes were synthesized and used in an optode membrane prepared by including glycosylated metalloporphyrin in chitosan matrice. The immobilized glycosylated metalloporphyrin is shown to be weakly fluorescent as a result of the inhibiting of the electron tansfer by central metal. The fluorescence enhancement of the metalloporphyrin modified optode membrane by LEV is based on the complexation with the central metal moiety of metalloporphyrin and weakening the inhibiting of the electron tansfer for metalloporphyrin. The glycosylated metalloporphyrin/chitosan optode membrane showed excellent selectivity toward LEV with respect to a number of interferents and exhibited stable response. The calibration graph obtained with the proposed sensor was linear over the range of 1.3x10(-5)-3.5x10(-7)ML(-1), with a detection limit of 3.5x10(-7)ML(-1) for LEV. The prepared sensor is applied for the determination of LEV in pharmaceutical preparations and the results agreed with the values obtained by the pharmacopoeia method.